0
Research Papers: CFD and VIV

# Sensitivity to Zone Covering of the Map of Passive Turbulence Control to Flow-Induced Motions for a Circular Cylinder at 30,000 ≤ Re ≤ 120,000

[+] Author and Article Information
Hongrae Park

Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine
Engineering (DSME),
Seoul 04521, South Korea;
Department Naval Architecture
and Marine Engineering,
University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor, MI 48109
e-mail: hrpark@umich.edu

Eun Soo Kim

Department of Naval Architecture and
Ocean Engineering,
Pusan National University,
2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil,
Jangjeon 2-dong, Geumjeong-gu,
Pusan 46241, South Korea
e-mail: bblwith@gmail.com

Michael M. Bernitsas

Mortimer E. Cooley Collegiate Professor of Naval
Architecture and Marine Engineering and
Mechanical Engineering,
University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
Vortex Hydro Energy, Inc.,
Ann Arbor, MI, 48108
e-mail: michaelb@umich.edu

1Corresponding author.

Contributed by the Ocean, Offshore, and Arctic Engineering Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF OFFSHORE MECHANICS AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING. Manuscript received June 15, 2016; final manuscript received October 20, 2016; published online February 13, 2017. Assoc. Editor: Ioannis K. Chatjigeorgiou.

J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng 139(2), 021802 (Feb 13, 2017) (6 pages) Paper No: OMAE-16-1065; doi: 10.1115/1.4035140 History: Received June 15, 2016; Revised October 20, 2016

## Abstract

Passive turbulence control (PTC) in the form of two straight roughness strips with variable width, and thickness about equal to the boundary layer thickness, is used to modify the flow-induced motions (FIM) of a rigid circular cylinder. The cylinder is supported by two end springs and the flow is in the TrSL3, high-lift, regime. The PTC-to-FIM Map, developed in the previous work, revealed zones of weak suppression (WS), strong suppression (SS), hard galloping (HG), and soft galloping (SG). In this paper, the sensitivity of the PTC-to-FIM map to: (a) the width of PTC covering, (b) PTC covering a single or multiple zones, and (c) PTC being straight or staggered is studied experimentally. Experiments are conducted in the low turbulence free surface water channel of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. Fixed parameters are: cylinder diameter D = 8.89 cm, m* = 1.725, spring stiffness K = 763 N/m, aspect ratio l/D = 10.29, and damping ratio ζ = 0.019. Variable parameters are circumferential PTC location αPTC$∈$ (0–180 deg), Reynolds number Re $∈$ (30,000–120,000), flow velocity U$∈$ (0.36–1.45 m/s). Measured quantities are amplitude ratio A/D, frequency ratio fosc/fn,w, and synchronization range. As long as the roughness distribution is limited to remain within a zone, the width of the strips does not affect the FIM response. When multiple zones are covered, the strong suppression zone dominates the FIM.

<>

## References

Hallam, H. G. , Heaf, N. J. , and Wootton, L. R. , 1977, “ Dynamics of Marine Structures,” Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA), London, Report No. UR8.
Kumar, A. R. , Sohn, C. H. , and Lakshmana Gowda, B. H. L. , 2008, “ Passive Control of Vortex Induced Vibrations: An Overview,” Recent Pat. Mech. Eng., 1(1), pp. 1–11.
Assi, G. R. S. , Bearman, P. W. , and Kitney, N. , 2009, “ Low Drag Solutions for Suppressing Vortex-Induced Vibration of Circular Cylinders,” J. Fluids Struct., 25(4), pp. 666–675.
Assi, G. R. S. , Bearman, P. W. , Kitney, N. , and Tognarelli, M. A. , 2010, “ Suppression of Wake-Induced Vibration of Tandem Cylinders With Free-to-Rotate Control Plates,” J. Fluids Struct., 26(7–8), pp. 1045–1057.
Bearman, P. , and Brankovic, M. , 2004, “ Experimental Studies of Passive Control of Vortex-Induced Vibration,” Eur. J. Mech., 23(1), pp. 9–15.
Huang, S. , 2011, “ VIV Suppression of a Two-Degree-of-Freedom Circular Cylinder and Drag Reduction of a Fixed Circular Cylinder by the Use of Helical Grooves,” J. Fluids Struct., 27(7), pp. 1124–1133.
Zdravkovich, M. M. , 1981, “ Review and Classification of Various Aerodynamic and Hydrodynamic Means for Suppressing Vortex Shedding,” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 7(2), pp. 145–189.
Blevins, R. D. , 1990, Flow-Induced Vibration, 2nd ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
Bernitsas, M. M. , Raghavan, K. , Ben-Simon, Y. , and Garcia, E. M. H. , 2008, “ VIVACE (Vortex Induced Vibration Aquatic Clean Energy): A New Concept in Generation of Clean and Renewable Energy from Fluid Flow,” ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 130(4), p. 041101.
Bernitsas, M. M. , Ben-Simon, Y. , Raghavan, K. , and Garcia, E. M. H. , “ The VIVACE Converter: Model Tests at Reynolds Numbers Around 105,” ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 131(1), p. 011102.
Lee, J. H. , and Bernitsas, M. M. , 2011, “ High-Damping, High-Reynolds VIV Tests for Energy Harnessing Using the VIVACE Converter,” Ocean Eng., 38(16), pp. 1697–1712.
Chang, C. C. , Kumar, R. A. , and Bernitsas, M. M. , 2011, “ VIV and Galloping of Single Circular Cylinder With Surface Roughness at 3.0 × 104 ≤ Re ≤ 1.2 × 105,” Ocean Eng., 38(16), pp. 1713–1732.
Chang, C. C. , and Bernitsas, M. M. , 2011, “ Hydrokinetic Energy Harnessing Using the VIVACE Converter With Passive Turbulence Control,” ASME Paper No. OMAE2011-50290.
Kim, E. S. , Bernitsas, M. M. , and Kumar, A. R. , 2013, “ Multi-Cylinder Flow Induced Motions: Enhancement by Passive Turbulence Control at 28,000 < Re < 120,000,” ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 135(1), p. 021802.
Sun, H. , Kim, E. S. , Bernitsas, P. M. , and Bernitsas, M. M. , 2015, “ Virtual Spring–Damping System for Flow-Induced Motion Experiments,” ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 137(6), p. 061801.
Kim, E. S. , and Bernitsas, M. M. , 2016, “ Performance Prediction of Horizontal Hydrokinetic Energy Converter Using Multiple-Cylinder Synergy in Flow Induced Motion,” Appl. Energy, 170, pp. 92–100.
Wu, W. , Bernitsas, M. M. , and Maki, K. J. , 2014, “ RANS Simulation vs. Experimental Measurements of Flow Induced Motion of Circular Cylinder With Passive Turbulence Control at 30,000 < Re < 120,000,” ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng, 136(4), p. 041802.
Ding, L. , Bernitsas, M. M. , and Kim, E. S. , 2013, “ 2-D URANS vs. Experiments of Flow Induced Motions of Two Circular Cylinders in Tandem With Passive Turbulence Control for 30,000 < Re < 105,000,” Ocean Eng., 72, pp. 429–440.
Ding, L. , Zhang, L. , Kim, E. S. , and Bernitsas, M. M. , 2015, “ URANS vs. Experiments of Flow Induced Motions of Multiple Circular Cylinders With Passive Turbulence Control,” J. Fluids Struct., 54, pp. 612–628.
Dhanak, M. R. , and Xiros, N. I. , eds., 2016, Springer Handbook of Ocean Engineering, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Chap. 47.
Park, H. , Bernitsas, M. M. , and Kumar, A. R. , 2012, “ Selective Roughness in the Boundary Layer to Suppress Flow-Induced Motions of Circular Cylinder at 30,000 < Re < 120,000,” ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 134(4), p. 041801.
Park, H. , Kumar, A. R. , and Bernitsas, M. M. , 2013, “ Enhancement of Flow-Induced Motion of Rigid Circular Cylinder on Springs by Local Surface Roughness at 3 × 104 < Re < 1.2 × 105,” Ocean Eng., 72, pp. 403–415.
Park, H. R. , Bernitsas, M. M. , and Kim, E. S. , 2014, “ Selective Surface Roughness to Suppress Flow-Induced Motions of Two Circular Cylinders at 30,000 < Re < 120,000,” ASME J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 136(4), p. 041804.
Park, H. , Kumar, A. R. , and Bernitsas, M. M. , 2016, “ Suppression of Flow Induced Motions of Rigid Circular Cylinder on Springs by Local Surface Roughness at 3 × 104 < Re < 1.2 × 105,” Ocean Eng., 111, pp. 218–233.
Walker, D. T. , Lyzenga, D. R. , Ericson, E. A. , and Lund, D. E. , 1996, “ Radar Backscatter and Surface Roughness Measurements for Stationary BreakingWaves,” Proc. R. Soc., Math. Physic. Eng. Sci., 452(1952), pp. 1953–1984.
Kiu, K. Y. , Stappenbelt, B. , and Thiagarajan, K. P. , 2011, “ Effects of Uniform Surface Roughness on Vortex-Induced Vibration of Towed Vertical Cylinders,” J. Sound Vib., 330(20), pp. 4753–4763.
Hover, F. S. , Tvedt, H. , and Triantafyllou, M. S. , 2001, “ Vortex-Induced Vibrations of a Cylinder With Tripping Wires,” J. Fluid Mech., 448, pp. 175–195.

## Figures

Fig. 1

PTC-to-FIM Map: (a) P180 and (b) P60 [22,24]

Fig. 2

Amplitude response plot for half width with strip P180: (a) WS1, (b) HG1, (c) SG, and (d) SS

Fig. 3

Amplitude response plot for wider width with strip P180: (a) SG and (b) SS

Fig. 4

Schematic of (a) oscillator and (b) PTC cylinder

Fig. 6

Amplitude response plot for staggered pattern with strips: (a) P60 and (b) P180

Fig. 5

Schematic of the staggered PTC cylinder model used in Sec. 4

Fig. 7

Amplitude response for progressive covering

Fig. 8

Amplitude response for progressive un-covering

## Discussions

Some tools below are only available to our subscribers or users with an online account.

### Related Content

Customize your page view by dragging and repositioning the boxes below.

Related Journal Articles
Related Proceedings Articles