... power energy demands hybrid electric vehicles Rechargeable batteries are one of the best candidates for storing and transporting sustainable and renewable energies as electrical power. High efficiency, high energy density, no memory effects, charge retention capabilities, and long cycle life...

... vehicle the only economic activity. Also, this study considers only the manufacturing cost of the vehicle, ignoring operational expenses, such as marketing and sales ( 34 ). 06 05 2008 07 03 2009 20 01 2010 20 01 2010 fuel cell vehicles hybrid electric vehicles market...

... graphical description. Experimental results are compared to simulations for validation of the model accuracy. 15 06 2007 28 01 2008 05 11 2009 05 11 2009 compressors cooling hybrid electric vehicles power convertors proton exchange membrane fuel cells Fuel cell based...

.... Technol. 0018-9545 10.1109/25.806767 , 48 ( 6 ), pp. 1751 – 1761 . Lukic , S. M. , and Emadi , A. , 2004 , “ Effects of Drivetrain Hybridization on Fuel Economy and Dynamic Performance of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles ,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 0018-9545 , 53 ( 2 ), pp. 385...

... consumption (total energy losses) can be significantly lowered by choosing an optimal battery size. 03 05 2006 20 12 2006 hybrid electric vehicles battery powered vehicles proton exchange membrane fuel cells regenerative braking traction motors dynamic programming fuel cell...

... controller are compared. 03 05 2006 20 12 2006 hybrid electric vehicles fuel cell vehicles proton exchange membrane fuel cells lead acid batteries battery powered vehicles dynamic programming fuel cell vehicle dynamic programming hybridization Fuel cell systems (FCS...

... 09 09 2006 fuel cell vehicles hybrid electric vehicles control system synthesis In the last years the increasing interest in energetic and environmental problems has given a strong impulse toward the development of alternative energy conversion devices. Since transportation systems...

... multicriteria decision analysis applied to the design of a hybrid electric vehicle. In particular, a Bayesian estimation approach is proposed and numerically illustrated, with the purpose of determining the optimal decision for the systems’ design under uncertainty. In the course of the numerical application...

... for Automotive R&D (EUCAR) safety tests. Demonstrated in over 200 electric and hybrid electric vehicles in many sites around the world. When the battery is charged, the reaction equation in Fig. 1 lies to the right-hand side and discharge results in the formation of nickel and sodium chloride...