Randomly placed, nonuniform, three-dimensional roughness with irregular geometry and arrangement is analyzed. New correlations are presented for such roughness for determination of magnitudes of equivalent sand grain roughness size from a modified version of the Sigal and Danberg parameter Also described are the numerical procedures employed to determine from three-dimensional profilometry data. The sand grain roughness values determined with this approach are then compared with and verified by magnitudes determined using: (i) analytic geometry for uniformly shaped roughness elements arranged in a regular pattern on a test surface, and (ii) measurements made with nonuniform, three-dimensional, irregular roughness with irregular geometry and arrangement. The experiments to obtain these measurements are conducted using this latter type of roughness placed on the walls of a two-dimensional channel. Skin friction coefficients are measured in this channel with three different types of rough surfaces on the top and bottom walls, and agree very well with values determined using the numerical procedures and existing correlations. The techniques described are valuable because they enable the determination of equivalent sand grain roughness magnitudes, for similar three-dimensional roughness, entirely from surface geometry after it is characterized by three-dimensional optical profilometry data.
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September 2002
Technical Papers
Analysis and Experiments on Three-Dimensional, Irregular Surface Roughness
J. A. van Rij,
J. A. van Rij
Convective Heat Transfer Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 50 S. Central Campus Drive, MEB 2202, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
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B. J. Belnap,
B. J. Belnap
Convective Heat Transfer Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 50 S. Central Campus Drive, MEB 2202, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
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P. M. Ligrani
P. M. Ligrani
Convective Heat Transfer Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 50 S. Central Campus Drive, MEB 2202, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
Search for other works by this author on:
J. A. van Rij
Convective Heat Transfer Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 50 S. Central Campus Drive, MEB 2202, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
B. J. Belnap
Convective Heat Transfer Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 50 S. Central Campus Drive, MEB 2202, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
P. M. Ligrani
Convective Heat Transfer Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 50 S. Central Campus Drive, MEB 2202, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
Contributed by the Fluids Engineering Division for publication in the JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING. Manuscript received by the Fluids Engineering Division July 23, 2001; revised manuscript received April 2, 2002. Associate Editor: K. Zaman.
J. Fluids Eng. Sep 2002, 124(3): 671-677 (7 pages)
Published Online: August 19, 2002
Article history
Received:
July 23, 2001
Revised:
April 2, 2002
Online:
August 19, 2002
Citation
van Rij , J. A., Belnap , B. J., and Ligrani, P. M. (August 19, 2002). "Analysis and Experiments on Three-Dimensional, Irregular Surface Roughness ." ASME. J. Fluids Eng. September 2002; 124(3): 671–677. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1486222
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