Vortex Dynamics and Shedding of a Low Aspect Ratio, Flat Wing at Low Reynolds Numbers and High Angles of Attack

This study focuses on the detection and characterization of vortices in low Reynolds number separated flow over the elliptical leading edge of a low aspect ratio, flat plate wing. Velocity fields were obtained using the time-resolved particle image velocimetry. Experiments were performed on a wing with aspect ratio of 0.5 for velocities of 1.1 m/s, 2.0 m/s, and 5.0 m/s corresponding to chord length Reynolds numbers of $1.47×104$⁠, $2.67×104$⁠, and $6.67×104$⁠, respectively, and angles of attack of 14 deg, 16 deg, 18 deg, and 20 deg. A local swirl calculation was used on proper orthogonal decomposition filtered data for vortex identification and corresponding vortex centers were tracked to determine convective velocities. The swirl function was also analyzed for its temporal frequency response at several discrete points in both the shear layer and in the separated recirculation region. A peak frequency was detected in the shear layer with a corresponding Strouhal number of approximately 3.4 based on the flow direction projected length scale. The Strouhal number increases with both angle of attack and Reynolds number. The shear layer convective length scale, based on the vortex convection velocity, is found to be consistent with the mean separation distance between vortices within the shear layer. This length scale decreases with increasing $Rec$⁠.