Two-phase PZT-epoxy piezoelectric composites and three phase PZT-epoxy-Al composites were fabricated using a poling voltage of 0.2 kV/mm. The influence of aluminum inclusion size (nano and micron) and (lead zirconate titanate) PZT volume fraction on the dielectric properties of the three phase PZT-epoxy-aluminum composites were experimentally investigated. In general, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the PZT-epoxy matrix were improved with the addition of aluminum particles. Composites that were comprised of micron scale aluminum inclusions demonstrated higher piezoelectric d33-strain-coefficients, and higher dielectric loss compared to composites that were comprised of nanosize aluminum inclusions. Specifically, composites comprised of micron sized aluminum particles and PZT volume fractions of 20%, 30%, and 40% had dielectric constants equal to 405.7, 661.4, and 727.8 (pC/N), respectively, while composites comprised of nanosize aluminum particles with the same PZT volume fractions, had dielectric constants equal to 233.28, 568.81, and 657.41 (pC/N), respectively. The electromechanical properties of the composites are influenced by several factors: inclusion agglomeration, contact resistance between particles, and air voids. These composites may be useful for several applications: structural health monitoring, energy harvesting, and acoustic liners.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
Keywords:
aluminium,
conducting polymers,
contact resistance,
dielectric losses,
dielectric polarisation,
filled polymers,
inclusions,
lead compounds,
nanocomposites,
nanofabrication,
nanoparticles,
organic-inorganic hybrid materials,
particle reinforced composites,
particle size,
permittivity,
piezoceramics,
piezoelectric transducers,
piezoelectricity,
resins,
voids (solid),
composite,
PZT-epoxy,
PZT-Al-epoxy,
dielectric loss
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